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Case StudiesThese case studies are designed to be completed after you have studied the content in each section, but you can complete them any time you feel ready. Case studies allow you to apply what you have learned in this course to real-world situations. Case Study #1:Li is a 25-year-old unmarried man who has tested positive for HIV. He has had a number of sex partners, but he has not entered a steady partnership with one person. He lives with his parents, an aunt and her husband, and four younger siblings. Li’s aunt comes to the clinic for family planning services. In the course of conversation, she tells you about Li and how the family is dealing with his HIV. She says that the family members are terrified that they are going to catch HIV from Li. They make him sleep outside in a makeshift shed behind the house and use separate cups and plates. She is very worried because recently one of her young nieces accidentally used Li’s cup.How do you respond to the
aunt’s concerns and fears? Case Study #2:All the staff at a rural clinic are aware that Mrs. X, a 32-year-old mother of three children, has HIV. Mrs. X is pregnant with her fourth child. When she comes to the clinic when she goes into labor, a nurse sends Mrs. X away, explaining that she does not want to put the health of the clinic staff at risk by allowing a woman known to have HIV deliver her baby at the clinic.Are the staff justified in
being concerned about HIV transmission in the workplace? Did the nurse
handle the situation appropriately? Case Study #3:Antoine is a 19-year-old man who identifies as homosexual. He has had three partners in the past six months, two of whom he did not know very well. Celeste is a 30-year-old woman with three children. She has been married to David for 10 years, and he is the only sex partner she has ever had. She and David use an oral contraceptive for family planning.Who is at greater risk for
becoming infected with HIV, Antoine or Celeste? Case Study #4:Patience is a 30-year-old mother of three children. Her husband recently died in a mining accident. She sells vegetables in the market, but she barely makes enough to feed the children and maintain the household. To supplement her income, she has started to go out on the road at night to have sex for money with the truck drivers who come through her village. Patience has some condoms that she got from a clinic, and she asks the men to use them. Some men do, but others offer her more money for having sex without a condom. Given her financial situation, she accepts additional money and forgoes condom use. As far as she is concerned, feeding her children is her immediate concern, and this priority is much more important than insisting on condom use to prevent the possibility that she could get pregnant or contract HIV or another STI.What are some of the factors
(political, social, gender-related, economic, cultural, biological) that
place Patience at risk for HIV and other STIs? Case Study #5:Faith is a 15-year-old secondary-school student. Her family is very poor and often does not have enough money to pay for school fees, books, and uniforms. Lately, Thomas, a 35-year-old small-business owner, has been paying special attention to Faith. Thomas is married to Claudia, and they have two young children. Thomas tells Faith that if she agrees to be his "special friend," he will give her money to pay for school expenses. Thomas is the first person whom Faith has had sex with. She has never discussed sexuality or contraception with her family, nor has she been offered sex education in school. The little information that she has about sex comes from rumors that she hears from her peers. Thomas tells her not to worry about getting pregnant because he will make sure that does not happen. He also makes fun of condoms, saying that real men would never use them. Faith never knows in advance when she will see Thomas. He has forbidden her from contacting him because he does not want his wife to find out about Faith. Whenever he feels like it, Thomas looks for Faith and takes her to a remote area for sex. He tells her exactly what to do and how to behave sexually. When the sex is over, Thomas tells Faith he will give her some money for school only if she promises not to tell anyone about what they have just done. He also threatens to hurt her if anyone finds out.What are some of the factors
(political, social, gender-related, economic, cultural, biological) that
place Faith at risk for HIV and other STIs?
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