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Answer to Case Study #2:Preventing transmission of infection is a concern in a health care setting, but the nurse did not handle the situation appropriately. Health care providers are obligated to provide high-quality services to all clients regardless of their HIV status. Mrs. X had a right to labor and delivery services at the clinic, and her rights were violated when the nurse sent her away. The clinic staff should be familiarized with and trained in standard precautions for infection prevention, including the safe handling of needles and the use of gloves to prevent exposure to body fluids, among other practices. Following standard precautions reduces the risk that staff will be exposed to infections. Providers should follow standard precautions with every client whether or not they think the client might have an infection. This is important because it is impossible to tell who is infected with HIV, and often the infected persons themselves do not know that they are infected.
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