Index by Module and Section
- 1. What Are HIV and AIDS?
- Introduction
- HIV and reproductive health services
- - Human rights and informed choice
- - Linkages to STIs
- Scope of the HIV/AIDS pandemic
- HIV/AIDS in the developing world
- - HIV/AIDS in Africa
- - HIV/AIDS in Asia
- - HIV/AIDS in Latin America and the Caribbean
- - HIV/AIDS in the countries of the former Soviet Union
- The future of the epidemic
- - Access to treatment
- Quiz
Summary
- 2. Understanding HIV/AIDS
- Purpose of this module
- Defining our terms
- - HIV infection
- - AIDS
- Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
- Safer sex
- The immune system
- - How HIV affects the immune system
- Quiz
- Making it work
- 3. Transmission and Risk
- Purpose of this module
- HIV transmission
- - How HIV is NOT transmitted
- Transmission through sexual contact
- - HIV risk and contraception
- Transmission through blood and blood products
- - Sharing injection drug works
- - Transfusions and organ transplants
- - Sharing skin-cutting or -piercing tools
- - Transmission in health care settings
- Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT)
- - Facts about mother-to-child transmission
- HIV risk and vulnerability
- - Vulnerability
- Women’s vulnerability and risk
- Risks for men
- Risk and vulnerability for children and youth
- Quiz
- Making it work
- Case studies
- 4. Diagnosis and Testing
- Purpose of this module
- Diagnosing HIV infection
- Signs and symptoms of HIV infection
- - Signs and symptoms of AIDS
- HIV testing
- Rationale for testing
- - Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT)
- Types of HIV tests
- - Screening tests
- - Confirmatory tests
- - Alternate testing strategies
- Testing considerations
- - Resource issues
- - Confidentiality issues
- Pretest and posttest counseling
- - Pretest counseling
- - Posttest counseling
- Partner notification and counseling
- Quiz
- Making it work
- Case studies
- 5. Management of HIV/AIDS
- Purpose of this module
- Lack of treatment options in the developing world
- Management of HIV infection
- - General considerations
- - Range of services needed
- Antiretroviral drugs
- - Treatment regimens and adherence
- - Cost and supply considerations
- Preventing and treating opportunistic infections
- Other management issues
- - Counseling
- - Nutrition
- - Alternative therapies
- - End-of-life issues
- Stress reduction and coping skills for providers
- Special management concerns for women
- - Concerns for pregnant women with HIV
- - RTIs/STIs in women with HIV
- Quiz
- Making it work
- Case studies
- 6. Preventing HIV Infection
- Purpose of this module
- Interventions and strategies for prevention
- - STI diagnosis and treatment as a strategy for HIV prevention
- Key interventions and strategies
- - Condom social marketing (CSM)
- - Behavior change communication (BCC)
- - Voluntary HIV counseling and testing
- - Community interventions
- Behavior change
- - “Stages of change” model
- Risk assessment
- Prevention of infection through sexual contact
- Safer sex
- - What is the most risky kind of sex?
- - What are some forms of safer sex?
- - Negotiating safer sex
- Male and female condoms
- - Male condoms
- - Female condoms
- Condom bias and stigma
- - Provider bias
- Condom promotion and dual protection
- Provider attitudes: overcoming biases and improving comfort
- Prevention of infection through injection drug use
- Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT)
- - Antenatal period
- - Labor and delivery
- - Postpartum
- Harm reduction
- Future of prevention
- - Microbicides
- - Vaccines
- - Shifting gender norms
- Quiz
- Making it work
- Case studies
- 7. Integration of HIV Prevention
- Purpose of this module
- What is integration?
- Challenges to integration
- What can be integrated?
- What should be integrated?
- Quiz
- Making it work
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© 2007 EngenderHealth. This course was made possible through a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.