Using safe surgical technique

Operative techniques can minimize the risk of infection. For example, IUDs can be inserted without being handled by the provider if they are loaded into the inserter within their sterile packaging, thereby reducing the risk of contamination.

Postprocedure infections are more likely to occur:

• In tissue that has been damaged due to rough or excessive manipulation during surgery. Damaged tissue heals slowly and is susceptible to infection.
• When excessive bleeding occurs, because this causes the tissue to become more susceptible to invasion by microorganisms.

Meticulous attention to bleeding and gentle tissue handling during surgery can reduce the risk of infection.

Creating a safer environment

Specific rooms should be designated for performing surgical/clinical procedures and for processing instruments and other items. Limiting the traffic and activities in these areas will lower the risk of infection.

To maintain a safer environment:

• Limit the number of people who enter these areas.
• Close doors and curtains during all procedures.
• Require that all personnel who enter surgical areas wear clean clothes, a mask, a cap, and sturdy footwear.
• Enclose the areas to minimize dust and eliminate insects.
• Air-condition the room, if possible.
• Before a new client is brought into the room, clean and disinfect all surfaces that may have been contaminated during the last procedure--including exam and surgery tables, counters, instrument carts, trolleys, and light handles.

(Information about proper cleaning practices for operating and procedure rooms can be found in the Housekeeping module of this course.)

Prophylactic antibiotics--which are often inappropriately used--do not take the place of good infection prevention. Avoid routine use of prophylactic antibiotics. They increase both costs and the development of antibiotic resistance.

©2004 EngenderHealth